Southern Asia
Rainfall and temperature odds for December–February, and what past El Niños did in the same season, for all 9 countries and territories.
| Country | Rainfall, December–February | Drier / normal / wetter | Past El Niños | Temperature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Likely wetter | 10% / 27% / 63% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Bangladesh | No clear signal | 35% / 38% / 27% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Bhutan | Likely drier | 51% / 25% / 24% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| India | No clear signal | 25% / 44% / 31% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Iran | Likely wetter | 6% / 29% / 65% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Maldives | Likely wetter | <5% / 10% / 90% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Nepal | No clear signal | 33% / 40% / 27% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Pakistan | Leaning wetter | 14% / 37% / 49% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
| Sri Lanka | No clear signal | 22% / 56% / 22% |
No clear pattern | Likely warmer |
Sources: Copernicus Climate Change Service (seasonal forecast, ERA5); NOAA Climate Prediction Center (El Niño seasons). Methods